What term encompasses all nongenetic influences on an individual, including prenatal nutrition and social environment?

The term that encompasses all nongenetic influences on an individual, including prenatal nutrition and social environment, is the concept of "environment." This term refers to all external conditions and influences that can affect a person’s development, growth, and behavior throughout their life. The environmental factors include physical surroundings, social interactions, cultural influences, education, and economic conditions, and they play a crucial role in shaping behavior and personality.

Understanding the environment's role is essential because it highlights how factors outside of genetics contribute to individual variation. For example, prenatal nutrition can have significant implications for physical and cognitive development, while ongoing social experiences can affect emotional health, learning, and overall well-being. By acknowledging the complexity of influences that shape a person, psychology emphasizes the interplay between genes and environment in understanding human behavior and development.