What is the term for a recurring difficulty in falling or staying asleep?

The term for a recurring difficulty in falling or staying asleep is "insomnia." Insomnia is characterized by persistent problems with sleep initiation or maintenance, leading to significant distress or impairment in daytime functioning. Individuals with insomnia may find it challenging to fall asleep, wake up frequently during the night, or wake up too early and struggle to return to sleep. This condition can affect one's overall health, mood, and daily performance.

Other terms listed in the choices refer to different sleep disorders. Sleep apnea involves interruptions in breathing during sleep, which can lead to fragmented sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks that can occur at inappropriate times. Hypersomnia refers to excessive sleepiness during the day, which can happen even after long periods of sleep. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing and addressing sleep-related issues effectively.