What is positive reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement refers to the introduction of a rewarding stimulus following a desired behavior, which increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. This concept is grounded in operant conditioning, a learning principle developed by B.F. Skinner. In this framework, when an individual performs an action that is followed by a pleasant outcome or reward, they are more likely to engage in that behavior again. For example, if a student receives praise or a good grade for studying hard, they are more inclined to continue studying diligently in the future.

This mechanism emphasizes the role of rewards in shaping behaviors, contrasting with other strategies such as punishment or negative reinforcement, which aim to modify behavior through different means.