What is a key characteristic of major depressive disorder?

A key characteristic of major depressive disorder is a prolonged sense of hopelessness. This feeling is a central symptom of the condition and often underlies the overall experience of despair and lack of motivation that individuals may endure. Those with major depressive disorder frequently struggle with negative thoughts about themselves, their future, and their circumstances, which can lead to feelings of helplessness and isolation. This pervasive sense of hopelessness can significantly impact daily functioning and contribute to the emotional pain associated with the disorder.

In contrast, heightened energy, feelings of euphoria, and a strong desire to socialize are not consistent with major depressive disorder. Instead, these characteristics might align more closely with other mental health states, such as mania, which is associated with bipolar disorder, rather than the debilitating emotional landscape typical of major depression.