Contemporary psychology is best defined as the science of what?

The correct answer, which defines contemporary psychology, recognizes it as the science of behavior and mental processes. This comprehensive definition encompasses a broad range of topics examined within the field, including not only observable behaviors but also the internal cognitive processes that influence those behaviors, such as thoughts, feelings, and motivations.

Psychologists study how people think, feel, and act within different environments and circumstances, making this dual focus essential for understanding human experience. This definition is foundational because it reflects the wide spectrum of human experience that psychology seeks to analyze and interpret, incorporating both objective observations and subjective experiences.

While the other options mention important aspects of psychology, they do not encapsulate its entirety. Emotions play a significant role in psychological studies, but they represent just one facet of the broader field. Social interactions are crucial as well, particularly within social psychology, but again, they do not cover the full landscape that includes individual cognitive processes. Neurological functions are an important focus within the realm of biopsychology and neuropsychology, but this aspect cannot alone define the entirety of psychology, which integrates behavior and mental processes as a whole.