A human egg contains which type of chromosome and a sperm contains which type?

The correct answer reflects the understanding of human genetics and the roles of sex chromosomes in reproduction. A human egg, which is produced by females, always carries an X chromosome. This is a fundamental aspect of human biology, as females have two X chromosomes (XX), and during meiosis, the eggs are formed with one X chromosome.

On the other hand, human sperm, produced by males, can carry either an X or a Y chromosome. This variability is what determines the sex of the offspring during fertilization. If a sperm carrying an X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the resulting zygote will have two X chromosomes, resulting in a female (XX). Conversely, if a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the offspring will have one X and one Y chromosome, leading to a male (XY).

Understanding this chromosomal composition is crucial for grasping the basics of human genetics and reproduction.